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Lessons from on high revisited: What does the recent International Entertainment Holdings coverage decision teach us about the approach to mistakes in insurance policies previously explored in George on High?
How should an insurance policy be applied when something goes wrong with the drafting of its terms? This article considers two recent cases with contrasting outcomes in which this question was explored, namely George on High Ltd & Anor v Alan Boswell Insurance Brokers Ltd & Anor [2023] EWHC 1963 (GOH v Alan Boswell) and International Entertainment Holdings & Others v Allianz Insurance PLC [2024] EWHC 124 (Comm) (IEH v Allianz).
Read moreAesthetic appeal and craftsmanship are not enough: WaterRower fails to secure copyright protection as a UK work of artistic craftsmanship
The term "artistic craftsmanship" has no statutory definition under UK copyright law – a position that has only been made more challenging by a conflict between EU and UK case law in this area. In this hotly anticipated judgment, the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) sought to determine what it means to be a work of artistic craftsmanship in the context of s 4(1)(c) of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA).
Read moreCourt of Appeal Confirms Occupational Pensions Are Shielded from Creditor Claims
The Court of Appeal has recently held that occupational pensions are protected from injunctions requiring them to be made available to creditors for enforcement purposes in the judgment of Manolete v White [2024] EWCA Civ 1418.
Read moreLiquidator granted permission to disclose bank statements to an assignee to pursue a cause of action
The High Court has recently handed down its judgment in Asertis Ltd & Anor v Melhuish & Ors [2024] EWHC 2819 (Ch), granting permission for a liquidator, who had assigned his claims against former directors, to disclose bank statements obtained under section 236 of the Insolvency Act 1986 to the assignee.
Read moreKey takeaways from the Financial Ombudsman Service's Annual Report and Accounts for 2023-2024
The Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) has published its Annual Report and Accounts for 2023-2024 (the Report) providing valuable insights into the trends and challenges faced by the financial services industry. It is important to understand these developments to proactively manage risks and ensure compliance.
Read morePreparing for an HMRC dawn raid
How to prepare for a dawn raid by HMRC under the authority of a search warrant issued under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE), enabling them to enter and search premises to investigate suspected tax fraud.
Read moreFCA gets head start on setting Consumer Duty new year resolutions
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has published their priorities under the Consumer Duty for the remainder of the 2024/2025 financial year.
Read moreThe EU's Cyber Resilience Act: 10 on the 10
Today the EU's Cyber Resilience Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/2847) ('CRA') enters into force. The CRA recognises that the continuously evolving world of smart products is frequently challenged by vulnerabilities which can potentially lead to cyber-security incidents. Whilst most of the Act's obligations will not be applicable until three years from now, 10 December is the day when the EU takes a big step towards it's ten-year Cybersecurity Strategy. To mark the occasion, we have outlined ten key points that entities in scope must be aware of in preparation for compliance with the CRA.
Read moreCompeting interests – phase two of the 'Name and Shame' proposal
On 28 November, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) released phase two of their consultation regarding proposals to publicise enforcement investigations, outlining the changes they propose to this so-called 'Name and Shame' proposal.
Read moreTribunal strikes out HMRC's application for a tax-related information notice penalty against Paul Baxendale-Walker
In Paul Baxendale-Walker v HMRC [2024] UKUT 00154 (TC), the Upper Tribunal granted an application by the taxpayer, under Rule 8(3)(c) of the Upper Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008, to strike out HMRC's application seeking a tax-related information notice penalty pursuant to paragraph 50 of Schedule 36, Finance Act 2008.
Read moreExclusive means exclusive: High Court decides that English courts have jurisdiction in Italian swaps dispute
Read moreFinancial Conduct Authority to hold roundtable discussion with IFAs to test simplified advice
On 15 November 2024, the Financial Conduct Authority ("FCA") published a feedback statement setting out the responses received on the Advice Guidance Boundary Review and what approach they will take on the proposed targeted advice and simplified advice regimes going forwards.
Read moreFCA sets out its strategy for 2025-2030
The FCA published a speech on 26 November 2024 by Emily Shepperd, FCA Chief Operating Officer, setting out the FCA's strategy for 2025 to 2030. The FCA's focus will be on economic growth and innovation, financial crime, consumer resilience, and how they can become a more efficient and effective regulator.
Read moreOakwood Solicitors Ltd v Menzies – Supreme Court decision on 'payment' of solicitors' bills
In their recent Judgment in Oakwood Solicitors Ltd v Menzies [2024] UKSC 34 the Supreme Court overturned the Court of Appeal decision. The Supreme Court held that deducting fees, payable under a statutory bill, is not a 'payment' within the meaning of section 70 Solicitors Act 1974 (the Act); even when deducted with the client's knowledge and consent.
Read moreCourt of Appeal considers HMRC's CIS powers and allows taxpayers' appeals
In Beech Developments (Manchester) Ltd & Ors v Commissioners for His Majesty's Revenue and Customs [2024] EWCA Civ 486, the Court of Appeal allowed the taxpayers' appeals, finding that HMRC does have power to issue a direction under Regulation 9(4) of the Construction Industry Scheme Regulations, where the same amount has been subject to a regulation 13 determination.
Read moreFCA reveals crypto regulation roadmap as ownership continues to surge.
With public ownership and awareness of crypto on the rise, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) announces its roadmap to making crypto a fully regulated asset class by 2026.
Read moreNew Data (Use and Access) Bill
What does the new Data (Use and Access) Bill (the Data Bill) mean for businesses?
Read moreTribunal finds insufficiency in taxpayer's return was not brought about "deliberately"
In allowing the taxpayer's appeal, the First-tier Tribunal determined that an insufficiency in his return was not brought about deliberately.
Read moreHigh Court implies contractual terms following LIBOR cessation
The High Court has implied a term into a contract to the effect that where the contract specifies a calculation should be carried out by reference to LIBOR, where LIBOR is no longer published a reasonable alternative should be used.
Read moreIs an insurer responsible for 'the same damage' as its insured?
Same Damage and Third Party Rights: unpacking Riedweg v HCC and the 2010 Act
Read moreThe Modernisation of FOS
Chancellor Rachel Reeves announced a move to modernise the Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) in her Mansion House speech on 14 November 2024 .
Read moreDigital operational resilience: the UK regulatory landscape
Operational Resilience in the supply chain has become an undeniable priority for all financial service providers across the continent.
Read moreContentious Tax Quarterly Review: November 2024
Adam Craggs and Harry Smith of RPC provide a Contentious Tax Quarterly Update discussing recent developments in tax litigation.
Read moreSIPP providers – What's next?
Last week the FCA issued a Dear CEO letter to SIPP operators. The letter is one of many the FCA has sent as follow-ups on the consumer duty (including the most recent letters to lifetime mortgage providers) and is a must read for those in the SIPP sector. The letter highlights the FCA's focus areas of ensuring redress is paid (where the FCA does not consider sufficient progress has been made), "outlier firms" when it comes to holdings in non-standard assets, and implementation of the consumer duty, particularly around distribution strategies/identifying target markets.
Read moreTake notice: Court of Appeal reverses High Court decision on validity of notice of warranty claim
Last year we reported on the High Court's decision in Drax Smart Generation Holdco Limited v Scottish Power Retail Holdings Limited [2023] EWHC 412 (Comm) that a purchaser's breach of warranty claim under a share purchase agreement (SPA) was time-barred by a clause that required the purchaser to notify its claim before a specified date "stating in reasonable detail the nature of the claim and the amount claimed (detailing the Buyer's calculation of the Loss thereby alleged to have been suffered)".
Read moreCity Minister supports imposition of FOS case fees for CMCs
In what may well be welcome news for the industry, the new City Minister has supported the FOS' proposals to charge case management companies (CMCs) a £250 fee for referring complaints to the Financial Ombudsman Service. The hope is that this prevent FOS being overwhelmed with 'poorly evidenced' complaints.
Read moreFailure to prevent fraud: key guidance released
On 6 November 2024, the Home Office released its much-anticipated guidance on the new failure to prevent fraud offence and the procedures that organisations can implement to prevent associated persons from committing fraud offences. Running to 44 pages, this guidance is crucial as it provides a framework for large organisations to establish effective fraud prevention measures.
Read moreTribunal finds that mixed-use SDLT rates should be reined in for purchase of property and paddock
The Upper Tribunal dismissed HMRC's appeal and confirmed that mixed stamp duty land tax (SDLT) rates applied to the purchase of a property and adjoining paddock where a grazing lease for the latter was granted shortly after completion.
Read moreFCA provides guidance for Lifetime Mortgage Providers
The FCA has set out its key concerns and priorities for lifetime mortgage providers ("LMPs") in a Dear CEO letter. The concerns and priorities of the FCA highlighted in the letter will be of interest to those in the LMP market and their FI insurers.
Read moreVehicle Finance claims drive forward with a key Court of Appeal Judgment – but what are the implications?
A Court of Appeal judgment exploring the payment of commissions in the vehicle finance industry has been handed down by the Court of Appeal, finding in favour of the claimants and ordering repayment of the commission plus interest to the claimants. This decision comes amid the backdrop of the hotly discussed FCA investigation into vehicle finance complaints involving discretionary commission arrangements ("DCA") and a number of complaints sat at FOS and before the County Courts. We explore the key takeaways from the judgment.
Read moreAutumn Budget 2024 – Main tax announcements
The Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, delivered the Autumn Budget 2024 on Wednesday 30th October. In doing so, she made the first set of Budget announcements by a Labour Government since 2010. This year's Budget was one of the most eagerly awaited for some time. In terms of the breadth of announcements, it did not disappoint.
Read moreThe new Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Bill: where are we with legislation governing lithium-ion battery safety?
The new Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Bill underwent its first reading on 6 September 2024. We explain the aims of the bill and consider how it fits with the proposed Product Safety and Metrology Bill.
Read moreAutumn Budget 2024: summary of implications for businesses and individuals
Adam Craggs explores the key implications of the Autumn Budget 2024 for businesses and individuals.
Read moreTribunal allows taxpayer's appeal against information notice
In Sangha v HMRC [2024] UKFTT 00564 (TC), the First-tier Tribunal (FTT) allowed, in part, Mr Sangha's appeal against HMRC's information notice issued under paragraph 1, Schedule 36, Finance Act 2008 as the information was not 'reasonably required' or in his 'possession or power'.
Read moreClientEarth challenges claims made by BlackRock in its sustainable funds
Not only are regulators clamping down on greenwashing but, as previously highlighted, ClientEarth, a non-profit international environmental law organisation, also has this issue squarely in its sights.
Read moreThe EU Cyber Resilience Act targets digital components made available in the EU market throughout the entire supply chain of a product
Last month, the EDPB published their "Guidelines on Examples regarding Personal Data Breach Notification" (the Guidelines). These are intended to provide "practice-oriented, case-based" guidance on when it is necessary to notify the relevant supervisory authorities (the SA) under Article 33(1) of the GDPR and/or data subjects under Article 34(1) of the GDPR following a personal data breach.
Read moreGovernment consults on regulation of Buy-Now Pay-Later products
In 2021, HM Treasury announced its intention to regulate certain unregulated buy-now pay-later (BNPL) products in the UK. This followed recommendations made in the Woolard Review which raised concerns about the increased use of BNPL products during the pandemic and the significant risk that these unregulated credit products could cause consumer harm.
Read moreFCA consults on changes to the payments safeguarding regime
Under the Payment Services Regulations 2017 (PSRs) and the E-Money Regulations 2011 (EMRs) payment institutions (PIs), electronic money institutions (EMIs), small EMIs and credit unions are required to protect "relevant funds" which they receive when making a payment or in exchange for e-money that has been issued. Current safeguarding requirements are set out in the PSRs and EMRs, with guidance contained in the Financial Conduct Authority's (FCA) Approach Document.
Read moreHMRC's DOTAS application struck out
In HMRC v Elite Management Consultancy Ltd (in administration) and Adam Bale [2024] UKFTT 00567 (TC), the First-tier Tribunal (FTT) confirmed that HMRC's DOTAS application was automatically struck out when it failed to serve an authorities bundle on time in breach of an 'unless' order issued by the FTT.
Read moreUK National Security Screening: NSIA Annual Report 2023-24
On 10 September 2024, the Government published its third Annual Report (Report) into the acquisition and investment screening regime established by the National Security and Investment Act 2021 (NSIA), covering the year from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024. With very limited information regarding cases reviewed under the NSIA regime being publicly available, the Report provides useful colour and insight around the current application of the regime by the Government's Investment Security Unit (ISU) (which administers the operation of the NSIA) and potential trends.
Read moreBHS: Key Takeaways for Insolvency Practitioners
The dust has now settled since Justice Leech handed down his judgment on the claim issued by the liquidators of BHS against certain of its former directors for wrongful trading and misfeasance. This included a novel claim for misfeasance trading. We examine the key takeaways for insolvency practitioners (IPs) arising out of this decision in light of the significant amounts ordered to be paid by the directors personally to the high street retailer's insolvent estate for the benefit of creditors.
Read moreCall of duty - FCA takes on Premium Finance
The FCA has published a market study inviting discussion on premium finance. At the same time, the Government has announced a plan to assemble a new cross-government taskforce on motor insurance. This will focus on ensuring customers are being treated fairly (both by being offered affordable premiums and an appropriate level of cover) and equally (regardless of demographics, geographies and communities).
Read moreD'Aloia – High Noon for Crypto-Tracing
The High Court judgment in D'Aloia v. Persons Unknown and others [2024] EWHC 2342 (Ch) is arguably the most significant crypto judgment of 2024. Critical deficiencies in the claimant's blockchain tracing analysis, evidence presented at trial and pleadings were ultimately fatal to his claims seeking to recover assets misappropriated by fraudsters.
Read moreTribunal confirms that trading had commenced for the purposes of Entrepreneur's Relief
In allowing the taxpayer's appeal, the First-tier Tribunal determined that an LLP had commenced trading for the purposes of Entrepreneur's Relief.
Read more(Blue)crest of a wave – case law on the need for a legal liability under a single firm redress scheme
In a decision that will cause consternation for FCA regulated entities and their insurers alike, the Court of Appeal (COA) has overturned the Upper Tribunal (UT's) decision in The Financial Conduct Authority v Bluecrest Capital Management (UK) LLP. The UT's decision had reinforced the need for a legal liability to be established before redress was payable under a single-firm redress scheme. The COA has comprehensively overturned the UT's ruling, casting the position into doubt. Given the increased need for firms to consider whether foreseeable harm has been suffered (and to look to rectify things if it has) following the introduction of the Consumer Duty, this could have far reaching consequences.
Read moreTribunal confirms principal private residence relief available where development began before sale of land
In the recent Nunn case, the First-tier Tax Tribunal allowed the taxpayer's claim for principal private residence relief, where development on land began before its sale.
Read moreLitigation funder's ATE policy was not sufficient to avoid security for costs order
In Asertis v Lewis Barry Bloch [2024] EWHC 2393 (Ch), a litigation funder has been ordered to pay security for costs into court due to concerns it would not be able to meet an adverse costs order, and that its After-The-Event insurance policy would not meet such an order.
Read moreThe 'Audit Reform and Corporate Governance Bill': Momentum for legislative reform continues, but what does the proposed legislation mean for management liability?
We consider what we know about the proposed Audit Reform and Corporate Governance Bill.
Read moreArchitects' Code reforms – it's important that you have your say!
The Architects Registration Board (ARB) is consulting on a proposed new code of professional conduct for architects. The proposed new Code is shorter and simpler, but may be more complex to apply and more onerous. Architects should consider responding to the consultation by the deadline of 12 December 2024.
Read moreFCA portfolio letter highlights FCA priorities for the next 2 years for the financial advice sector
Yesterday the FCA issued a portfolio letter outlining its priorities for the next 2 years for the finance advice and investment intermediary market. Those priorities are - reduce and prevent serious harm, monitor and test higher industry standards under the consumer duty and enable more consumers to pursue their financial objectives through the advice guidance boundary review. Highlights include (1) retirement income advice, ongoing advice services and "polluter pays" are specifically referred to when it comes to reducing and preventing serious harm and (2) continued focus on the expectations around the consumer duty. The letter also confirms that we can expect a further update from the FCA on its review of the retirement income advice market in the first quarter of 2025 and an update on ongoing advice services later this year – we wait to see if this means the FCA puts pressure on firms in relation to any regulatory exercises.
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